Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge regarding the Prevention of Work-related Locomotion Problems among the workers of Stone Crushing Plants of Thoubal District, Manipur

Sanabam Linthoingambi Devi

Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing,

Ph. D Scholar Rohilkand College of Nursing, Bareilly, Pin - 243006.

*Corresponding Author Email: linsanabam@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Workers take a major role in our day today life to fulfill the major needs. Musculoskeletal problems are most prevalent health problem among the stone quarry workers, and there is wide prevalence of lack of practice of safety measures among the stone quarry workers. A study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding the prevention of work related locomotion problems among the workers of stone crushing plants. This study was conducted in Stone crushing plants of Thoubal district, Manipur. The research design used for this study is Pre experimental research design (one group pre-test post-test design). The data was collected to assess the pretest and posttest level of knowledge about the prevention of work related locomotion problems .Sample size was 60 and non-probability purposive sampling technique was used in this study. .By using descriptive and inferential statistics the data collected has been analyzed and interpreted. The findings were: Major findings of the study revealed that the pretest knowledge score of the study, 40% of workers having inadequate knowledge during pre- test and 60% of respondent had moderate knowledge and adequate 0%. The pretest mean value is 12.31 with standard deviation of 3.2. The posttest mean value was 25.7 with standard deviation of 2.04. The calculated’ value (27.8) is greater than table value. After implementing the structured teaching program, the workers knowledge was increased. Hence the structured teaching program was effective. There is no association between the pretest knowledge score with demographic variables.

KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Structured teaching program, Work related, Locomotion, Musculoskeletal problem, workers.

INTRODUCTION:

There is a huge impact of Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the workplace which is a growing major problem in our modern societies.¹ After the common cold MSDs represent the 2^nd largest cause of short term or temporary work disability.² It is one of the major factors for the early exit from the labor market.

This is an important occupational problem making an increase in the compensation and health cost which is the main reason to decrease in the productivity as well as lower the quality of life.³ Pain, discomfort and movement limitations mainly in the lower back, shoulder, neck, forearm and hands are the major features of WMSDs.⁴ The symptoms that mostly commonly reported were neck shoulder and wrist-hand syndrome, nonspecific low back pain, and Carpel tunnel syndrome.⁵

In 1960 International Labor organization (ILO) listed WMSDs as occupational disorders. WMSDs rank as the second occupational disorder secondary only to the dermatergosis in the western countries.⁶

Comparing the proportions of MSD. It is higher in the aging group than the younger group and common in countries with high income than in low- income countries.⁷ Regardless of age and sex the musculoskeletal disorders affect all persons and are prevalent across a wide range of industries and jobs.⁸ WMSDs are also a reason to lost work time, increasing work restriction, transfer to another job.^9,10 or disability than any other group of diseases^11,12,13 with a considerable economic toll on the organization, individual and the society as a whole.¹⁴

Scientific Research findings have identified physical¹⁵ psychological organizational^16,17,18 and individual¹⁹ occupational “ risk factors” for WMSDs development. The levels of a different factors at different levels of risk across a range of occupations have been measured by these studies and with the incidence (or prevalence) of MSDs for the populations concerned investigated their association^20,21WMSDs became the most expensive form of work disability²². The estimated cost of WMSD in United States in 1995 was approximately 215 billion dollars. In Canada it was 26 billion Canadian dollars in 1998. In 2002, in Germany it was 38 billion Euros.²³ India has been facing occupational health problems as well as battling with conventional public health problems such as malnutrition, communicable diseases, lack of medical care and high population growth rate.²⁴ In India MSD is one of the major occupational health problems. There is inadequate awareness among the workers because of ignorance and hesitance to use safety measures during the work. The occupational hazards were many injuries and most of the respiratory problems; hence the investigator is interested to give knowledge on awareness of prevention of work related locomotion problems to the stone crusher workers.

OBJECTIVES:

The Objectives of Study were:

1. To assess the pre-test level of knowledge of workers on prevention of work related locomotion problems.

2. To evaluate the effectiveness of the structured teaching program on prevention of work-related locomotion problems among the stone crushing plant workers.

3. To determine association between level of knowledge with selected demographic variables.

METHODOLOGY:

RESEARCH DESIGN:

A Pre experimental (one group pre-test – post-test) design was adopted for this study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program me on knowledge regarding the prevention of work-related locomotion problems among the workers of stone crushing plants of Thoubal district, Manipur”.

SETTING OF THE STUDY:

The study was conducted in stone crushing plants of Thoubal district Manipur.

VARIABLES:

1. Dependent variables: In this study knowledge of the stone crushing plants worker is the dependent variable.

2. Independent variables: In this study, structured teaching program is the independent variable.

3. Extraneous variables: In this study extraneous variables are age, sex, income of the family, religion, residential area, previous knowledge, source of information on prevention of work related locomotion problems.

POPULATION:

The study sample consists of all the workers working in stone crushing plants at Thoubal district, Manipur.

SAMPLE:

Stone crushing plant workers in the age group of 20-60 years.

SAMPLE SIZE:

The sample size consist of 60 stone crushing plant workers in the age group of 20-60 years .

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:

Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select the samples for the study.

DEVELOPMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL:

The tool used for the study consists of two parts.

Part I- Socio demographic data

Part II- Structured knowledge questionnaire regarding the prevention of work-related locomotion problems.

HYPOTHESIS:

To achieve the stated objective, the following hypothesis was formulated at 0.05 level of significance.

H1: There will be a significant difference in pre-test and post-test level of knowledge of factory workers regarding prevention of work related locomotion problems.

H2: There will be significant association between pre-test levels of knowledge with their demographic variables among stone crusher plants worker regarding prevention of related locomotion problems.

Chart-1: Bar diagram showing the pretest and posttest level of knowledge score regarding prevention of work related locomotion problems among stone crusher workers.

Finding reveals that it was statistically found that there was significant no association between pre-test knowledge score with demographic variables that age, sex, educational status, family income per month, religion, residential area, so the hypothesis was rejected. But the previous knowledge regarding prevention of work related locomotion problems was associated with the knowledge of the workers.

The effectiveness of teaching program on prevention of work related locomotion problems among the workers was found by using paired ‘t’ test, it shows significant at the level of p<0.05 and there was significant increase in knowledge after the Structured teaching program.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

In pretest 0% of respondents had adequate knowledge score (above 20), 60% of respondents had moderate knowledge score (11-20) and 40% had inadequate knowledge score (below 10). In posttest 100% of respondents had an adequate knowledge score (above 20).

The major findings are as follows:

· Highest percentage of stone crushing plants workers (36.7%) were in age group 20-30 yrs.

· Maximum samples were females (61.7%).

· Majority of samples had non-formal education (51.7%).

· Highest percentage (53.3%) was in income group 1000-5,000.

· Highest percentage of religion (56.7%) was Hindu.

· Highest percentage (100%) belonged to rural background.

· Lowest percentage (10%) got previous information about prevention of work related locomotion problems from family members, mass media and health professionals.

· Majority (90%) were having no previous knowledge.

· Up to graduate level peoples (3.3%) peoples were working into the stone crushing plants because of the un- employment.

CONCLUSION:

It can be concluded that in pre-test workers knowledge score was less regarding prevention of work related locomotion problems. After implementation of structured teaching program, the knowledge score of the workers improved. Hence the structured teaching program was effective.

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Received on 03.03.2021 Modified on 13.08.2021

Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2022; 12(2):161-164.

DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2022.00032